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Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction A ramp for wheelchairs is an effective aid to aid the person you love independently at home. If they are not designed properly they can be dangerous to use. ADA regulations require landings to must be level with any change in direction, to avoid compound slopes. They must also provide an area that is grippy for wheelchair users. Design The ramp design must meet the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) standards to ensure that wheelchairs comfortably navigate the structure. For instance, the ramp's slope should not exceed the ratio 1:12 and must have landings that are level at any change in direction or shift in the ramp's surface. It should also be constructed from treated lumber that is more durable than untreated lumber and is able to withstand rain better. The ramp's bottom and top should be free of obstructions such as trees, bushes, or other structures which could interfere with the user's safe passage. In addition the surface of the ramp must be smooth and non-slip. Some municipalities require the use of an anti-slip surface running along the ramp's entire length. Use treated lumber at minimum four inches wide for the frame of the ramp. To secure the ramp, build posts that are at least 8 feet apart and extend to below the ground level. Spindles should be used to join the posts with the ramp's railings. This type of connection decreases the possibility of a ramp user falling off the side. Then, construct the ramp's frame using joists that are at most 16 inches long and 2 by 4 inch beams. Make sure that the joists are a minimum of 18 inches above ground level and that they are secured with joist hangers which are nails that bind the inside of the joists to prevent them from sliding off the ground. Attach the ramp decking with a framing nailer. Install an upper landing close to the doorway to allow wheelchair occupants to manage the doorswing easily. The landing should be 12 to 24 inches on the handle side of out-swinging doors. For doors that swing in the landing should be at minimum 58 by 60 inches to allow for the threshold of the door and a person using a wheelchair who needs to roll backward through the doorway. Install an elevated landing at every change in ramp direction to prevent the requirement for wheelchairs to step on their brakes as they turn corners. A level landing makes it easier to move a ramp out of the way if required, so that equipment such as lawnmowers can be able to pass underneath it. Materials Aluminium, concrete, or wood can be used to build ramps for wheelchairs. A professional ramp installation company can help you decide the best option for your home or business. It is important to consider your specific needs and budget when selecting the materials for the ramp. The ramp should be simple to maintain and safe for use. Some cities require that the ramp be laid with a non-slip surface. Make sure to inquire with your local government for permits before you begin building or purchasing materials. Also, make sure to adhere to all local building codes. Incorrect construction materials or methods can result in dangerous conditions for wheelchair-users. You can find the most current construction guidelines in your local building department of the government, library or on the internet. Wood ramps are the cheapest alternative for ADA ramp materials. However, they require more maintenance. The surface of wood ramps need to be regularly treated with a sealer to prevent rot and warping. Wood can split and be hazardous for those using wheelchairs. Wood ramps can require additional support to ensure the structure remains in place and stable. Concrete ramps are extremely durable and last for a long time however they can be costly. They are heavy, which means that more labor is required to install ramps and may make it difficult to move the ramp once no longer needed. Concrete ramps are strong enough to support the weight of power wheelchairs. Aluminum ramps are lighter than concrete or steel however they offer the same strength and resistance to corrosion. They are also cheaper than iron or steel and are an ideal choice for those on a limited budget. Aluminum is also green as it is naturally present in the Earth's crust and can be recycled. The upper ramp's landing needs to be level or within 3/8 inch of the threshold in order to allow the front wheels of smaller wheelchairs to pass over it without getting stuck. foldable wheelchair ramps mymobilityscooters with gaps that is larger than this will not comply with ADA standards. Also, ensure that the ramp flows smoothly from the upper landing to the ground. The final section of the ramp should be a an angled transition to prevent an abrupt stop for wheelchairs when they enter or exit the dwelling. Installation A wheelchair ramp is a ramp that has a plane that can be installed as an alternative or in the place of steps. It allows wheelchair users, as well as people who use strollers or carts to access areas that are otherwise difficult to access. When choosing a wheelchair accessible ramp, there are a variety of factors to consider, such as the location, height, and cost. The ramp should be placed closest to the door to avoid unnecessary journeys. It should be set at a height that the person using it is able to be able to easily access it. It should also be anchored to the ground and clear of obstructions, like trees or parked cars. ADA regulations require ramps to are equipped with handrails either side. The rails must be at least 36” apart and have an even or smooth gripping surface. They must also be anchored to the edge of the ramp and extend 12 inches over it. If a ramp is equipped with switchbacks or an L-shaped layout, handrails should be a continuous length between the ramp runs. The length of the ramp is determined by its incline. However there are a few common ramp types that can be used in all situations. For instance, a threshold ramp sits directly on the lip of a curb or at the threshold of a doorway, while ramps that are portable can be moved from one spot to another and come in a variety of sizes. Modular aluminum ramps can also be assembled on-site. These ramps are usually used in public or commercial areas and are typically longer. If you're considering a permanent ramp, make sure to check with your city's building department to see if you need permits. It is also a good idea to consult a mobility expert to determine which kind of ramp will best fit your needs and the space you have. In certain situations installing permanent ramps could boost the value of your home. Maintenance It's important to make sure your ramp for wheelchairs is maintained, especially if will be using it often. You'll need to conduct regular inspections and address any structural issues as they arise. This will help ensure that the ramp complies with all ADA requirements and is safe for all users. Regularly cleaning wooden ramps is essential to remove dirt and debris that could block access. Keep the ramp clean to prevent moisture from accumulating beneath the surface. This can cause the onset of rot. The wood preservatives or stains only work if the ramp has been thoroughly cleaned prior to application. Wheelchair ramps are more difficult to maintain than other types of ramps because they are more prone to wear and wear and tear. It is important to have the right tools. To make sure that all fixings are secure and secure, you will need an appropriate set of screwdrivers as well as gauge spanners. It's also important to check regularly the handrails to ensure they are in good working order and do not show signs of damage or corrosion. As time passes, and with repeated usage, it's possible that some bolts or fittings that are anchored on the handrails to come loose. This can pose an unsafe situation for anyone who is using the ramp. It is also essential to ensure that the surface of the ramp is sufficiently grippy especially in winter, when conditions can be challenging. You'll need to remove any leaves, dirt and other debris that could block the surface and cause slippage. You'll also want to apply an ice melt that's non-corrosive on the ramp surface to avoid injuries and slipping. If you're planning to use your ramp throughout the winter, consider investing in wheels for traction, or “snow tires” for your wheelchair. These wheels are designed to track better on slippery and snowy surfaces. They will allow you to remain on your ramp more effectively than standard wheelchair tires. You can also place heating pads or tape on the ramp's surface to help melt ice and snow before it gets accumulated.